Section 34: Problem 5 Solution
Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
If
is locally compact and Hausdorff then
is compact and Hausdorff.
is metrizable iff it is second-countable. So, if
is metrizable then
is second-countable (note that
being metrizable is a stronger condition than
being metrizable: the discrete uncountable topology is an example, this is why it did not work in the previous exercise). If
is second-countable then it is metrizable (see the previous exercise), but we need to check whether
is metrizable. For this we need only to check whether it is second-countable. A countable basis
for the topology of
will do for
as well. We only need to find a countable basis at
. Take an open neighborhood
where
is compact in
.
is compact in
iff it is closed in
. Therefore,
isopen in
and must contain some basis neighborhoods
. But we do not know whether
is compact for any of these basis sets, therefore, we cannot guarantee that
is open in
for some
. At the same time, we may instead build a countable family of compact sets such that every compact set is contained in a set from the family. We use the fact that
is compact and the space is Hausdorff and locally compact. Consider the countable family
of all basis open sets such that their closures are compact. Since the space is Hausdorff and locally compact, every point has a neighborhood in
(Theorem 29.2). Therefore,
covers
and some its finite subset covers
as well. The corresponding finite union of closures is compact (and closed) and contains
. Therefore, we may take as basis neighborhoods of
the complements of all finite union of compact closures of basis sets of
. Something like that.Summary of 4 and 5: a one-point compactification of a locally compact Hausdorff space
is metrizable iff
is second-countable.