Section 54: Problem 7 Solution
Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
Generalize the proof of Theorem 54.5 to show that the fundamental group of the torus is isomorphic to the group
.
Since
given by
is a covering map, letting
and
, we have
consisting of all integer points
and the bijective (
is simply connected, Theorem 54.4) correspondence
To show that
is isomorphism, we consider two loops in
such that their liftings in
starting at
end at some integer points
and
, and show that their product has a lifting starting at
and ending at
.