Section 33: Problem 9 Solution
Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
It is sufficient to show that
can be separated by a continuous function from a closed set
that does not contain it. There is a neighborhood
that does not intersect
. Consider a linear transformation
. We have shown back in the exercises of Section 19 that the linear transformation is a homeomorphism in both the product and box topology on
. It seems a more general result is true: a product of continuous functions is continuous (so, that the product of homeomorphisms is a homeomorphism). If
,
is open in the box topology, then there is a basis neighborhood
and
iff for all
:
iff for all
:
. Therefore, for all
which is open in the box topology if all
are continuous,
. Anyway, it is true for the linear transformation, and if could separate
from
by a continuous function
, then
would separate
and
. Note, that
is closed and does not have any points in
for if it had some than
would have a point in
. Now, since
is completely separable (as a metric space), there is a continuous function
that separates
and
(remember, that
is not open in the uniform metric: exercise 6 of Section 20). Now,
is continous in the finer box topology as well, and separates
from
.