« Section 26: Problem 12 Solution

Section 26: Problem 13 Solution

Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
(a) Using exercises 4 and 7(c) of §22, is closed and there are two disjoint open sets and containing given and , respectively. We show there exists some neighborhood of such that . Indeed, for each there is a neighborhood of such that (using the fact that is open and the multiplication is a homeomorphism, exercise 4 of §22), and their union is the neighborhood of such that . Now, cover and there is a finite subcovering. The corresponding finite intersection is the neighborhood of disjoint from .(b) If is closed in and then which is closed by (a). And there is a neighborhood of such that it does not intersect . Then, is open (exercise 5(c) of §22), contains and does not intersect . Therefore, is closed.(c) is continuous and closed (by (b)), moreover, is compact as the multiplication is a homeomorphism. Therefore, by exercise 12, as the preimage of is compact.