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Section 11*: Problem 6 Solution

Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
A collection of subsets of a set is said to be of finite type provided that a subset of belongs to if and only if every finite subset of belongs to . Show that the Kuratowski lemma implies the following:
Lemma (Tukey, 1940). Let be a collection of sets. If is of finite type, then has an element that is properly contained in no other element of .
Take any ordered subcollection , and the union of its sets . We want to show that . Take any finite subset of . For each point in , there is a set in containing it, and since the number of points is finite and is ordered, there is a set in that contains all these points, i.e. it contains (if one set contains and another contains , then one of them has to contain both and , etc.). Since the set containing is in , all its finite subsets, including , are in , i.e. . So, any finite subset of is in , and therefore, . Now apply Kuratowski lemma.