Section 17: Problem 7 Solution
Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
Criticize the following "proof" that
: if
is a collection of sets in
and if
, then every neighborhood
of
intersects
. Thus
must intersect some
, so that
must belong to the closure of some
. Therefore,
.
The problem of the proof is that for different
’s the set
may be different, so that we actually did not show that every neighborhood
of
intersects some particular
, we showed that every neighborhood
of
intersects some
where
may depend on the choice of
, and we cannot conclude from this that
lies in the closure of some particular
. As an example, we use the one from the previous exercise,
,
.
, and
contains
and intersects
at points
for
, so
does, indeed, intersect sets
for
, but no set
intersects every
.