Supplementary Exercises*: Nets: Problem 10 Solution
Working problems is a crucial part of learning mathematics. No one can learn topology merely by poring over the definitions, theorems, and examples that are worked out in the text. One must work part of it out for oneself. To provide that opportunity is the purpose of the exercises.
James R. Munkres
Suppose the space is compact. Take any net
. For each
let
. Then, given that the index set is directed, the collection of sets
satisfies the finite intersection property. Let
be the intersection of the closures of these sets and
be its neighborhood. Since
lies in the closure of each
, for each
there is
such that
. Therefore,
is an accumulation point of the net, and, using the previous exercise, there is a subnet converging to
.The other direction. Suppose that every net in
has a convergent subnet. Let
,
be a collection of closed sets satisfying the finite intersection property. Consider the set
of all finite subsets of
:
. It is a directed set with the partial order given by the reverse inclusion. Moreover, since each finite intersection has a point, for each
we can take
. This is a net in
, and it must have an accumulation point
. In particular, for every
and neighborhood
of
there must be
such that
. Given that
and
we conclude that
. Thus,
lies within the closure of
which is equal to
. Therefore,
is not empty.